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Go backTutorialsOS/2 2.1 tutorial

This tutorial comes from 1993 and was built into OS/2 2.1.

Mouse

Click on these push buttons:
Previous returns to the previous screen
Next views the next screen
Topics returns to the Topics menu
Exit leaves the Tutorial.

Keyboard

Press these keys:
Esc returns to the previous screen
Enter views the next screen
F5 returns to the Topics menu
F3 leaves the Tutorial.

This tutorial describes how you work with the objects (small pictures) on your screen. Some objects are folders, which contain other objects.

Your screen is called your desktop (pictured on the right), which is a folder itself.

To continue the Tutorial, select a topic on the right by double-clicking on it with your mouse, or tab to a topic and press Enter.

  1. Using a mouse
  2. Using objects
  3. Using window parts
  4. Getting help
  5. OS/2 System overview



USING A MOUSE shows you how to:
Point to an object
Select (highlight) an object
Select (open) an object to work with it
Drag an object.

It takes about 5 minutes to complete this topic.

You move the pointer (usually an arrow) so that it points at the objects and actions you want to select.

If you run out of room to slide the mouse, lift it up, put it back down, and slide it again.

The left-hand mouse button (or mouse button 1) is usually used to select objects on the screen.

The right-hand mouse button (or mouse button 2) is usually used to drag or move objects around on the screen.

Continue to the next panel for examples of each.

This screen contains pictures of objects you might see on a desk.

To select (highlight) an object, place the pointer on the object and click mouse button 1 (press and release mouse button 1 once).

Select each object with your mouse and notice how the object becomes highlighted.

To select (open) an object, place the pointer on the object and double-click mouse button 1 (press and release mouse button 1 twice).

For example, open the Drives object on the right and display its contents.

Use mouse button 2 to drag, or move, objects around on the screen.

Place the mouse pointer on any object on the right, and then press and hold mouse button 2. Drag the object around within the box, then release mouse button 2 to place the object in the new position.

You have completed the “Using a Mouse” topic. In this topic, you have seen how to:
Point to an object
Select an object to highlight it
Select an object to open it
Drag an object to move it.

To return to the Topics menu, select the Topics push button. To continue with the USING OBJECTS topic, select the Next push button or press Enter.



USING OBJECTS describes how to:
Use object pop-up menus
Copy objects
Create objects
Delete objects
Locate objects
Print objects
Rename objects.

It takes about 10 minutes to complete this topic.

Objects on the desktop are represented by the icons (small pictures) displayed on your screen. Folders are objects that contain any combination of other objects.

Once a folder is open, the objects in it can be displayed in various ways. Open the Drives folder object on the right. The resulting window displays the objects contained in the folder.

A data-file object is an object whose primary purpose is to convey information, such as text, graphics, audio, or video.

A program object is an object that starts a program.

A device object is an object that provides a means of communication between a computer and another piece of equipment, such as a printer.

Every object has a pop-up menu containing choices appropriate to that object. These pop-up menus are displayed by clicking mouse button 1 while the mouse pointer is over the object, as in the animation on the right.

Help is available on a menu choice by highlighting it and then pressing F1.

Open windows also have pop-up menus. They are displayed by clicking mouse button 1 while the pointer is anywhere in the background of the open window, as in the animation on the right.

Some windows have a menu bar that lists the available menu choices for that window.

All the objects on the screen are actually in a folder object you cannot see, called the Desktop folder.

The Desktop folder pop-up menu is displayed by selecting a blank area on the screen and then clicking mouse button 2. The Shut down choice allows you to save the current desktop setup.

The picture on the right is an example of the Desktop pop-up menu.

When you see a pop-up menu choice that has an arrow to the right of it, select the arrow to display additional choices, which are listed in a cascaded menu.

See the animation on the right for an example of this.

If you select more than one object and then display a pop-up menu, the menu will contain only those choices that are valid for all the selected objects.

Display a pop-up menu from the My Letter object on the right by clicking mouse button 1 while the mouse pointer is over the object.

Some pop-up menu choices have associated (or secondary) windows, in which you can provide information required to complete a task.

In the animation on the right, the Settings choice from the My Letter data object is selected, and a secondary window is displayed.

Use the Create another choice (pictured on the right) from a pop-up menu to create another object with the same settings as the original. For example, you can duplicate a data file and any of its settings (such as its program associations).

Use Create shadow to create a new object that has a link to the original object. For example, if you make a change to the original object the same change is made in the new object.

Objects can be copied from one location to another. To copy an object using a mouse, move the mouse pointer over the object, and then press and hold the Ctrl key and mouse button 1 at the same time. Drag the object to the new location, and then release the Ctrl key and mouse button 2.

Copy the My Letter object on the right to an area either inside or outside the folder.

To delete objects, drag the object to the Shredder by placing the mouse pointer over the object and then pressing and holding mouse button 2. When you release mouse button 1, the object is removed from the desktop.

To practice, drag the My Letter object to the Shredder on the right.

You can locate objects on the desktop by selecting the Find choice, which is available from the pop-up menu of every folder.

For example, you can locate an object by its name, date, size, flags, subject, comments, key phrases, or history.

A Find results folder is displayed that contains a listing of the objects that match the search.

You can easily change the name of an object by moving your mouse pointer over the name and pressing Alt and mouse button 1 at the same time.

Once the name is highlighted, type the new name (the picture on the right demonstrates this), then click mouse button 1 on a blank area on the screen to complete the name change.

You have completed the “Using Objects” topic. In this topic, you have seen how to:
Use object pop-up menus
Copy objects
Create objects
Delete objects
Locate objects
Print objects
Rename objects.

To return to the Topics menu, select the Topics push button. To continue with the USING WINDOW PARTS topic, select the Next push button or press Enter.



USING WINDOW PARTS discusses:
Scrolling information within windows
Moving windows
Minimizing and maximizing windows
Closing windows
Making a window active.

It takes about 10 minutes to complete this topic.

Windows are areas of the screen with visible boundaries within which information is displayed. When you select (open) an object, that information is displayed in a window. You can have more than one window open at a time.

Windows have many parts that enable you to perform various tasks.

Scroll bars are used in a window when there is more information on a topic than can be displayed at one time. Notice the scroll bar in this window that separates the text from the picture on the right.

Scroll this text window now by clicking on the down arrow. Hold the button down until more text appears.

You can change the length and width of a window by dragging its border (or boundaries).

Move your pointer along the border of the window on the right. When the pointer changes to a double arrow, you can press and hold mouse button 1 and then drag the border to change the size of the window. Release mouse button 1 when the window is the desired size.

The title bar is the area at the top of each window that contains the window title, and is highlighted in a different color when the window is selected (made active). It can be used to drag a window to another location.

Select the title bar on the window to the right with your mouse, then press and hold mouse button 2. Move the window where you want it, then release the mouse button.

In the top-right corner of some windows are the Minimize and Maximize buttons. Select the large button to maximize the window to full screen, and the small button to minimize the window to the Minimized Window Viewer (not shown).

Some windows replace the minimize button with the Hide button. These windows can be accessed from the Window List only. For more information, see the OS/2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW topic.

Some windows have a menu bar, which is located directly beneath the title bar. The menu bar displays a set of choices available from the active window. Grayed choices indicate invalid choices.

Select a choice from the window on the right. A menu appears showing tasks you can perform from the active window.

Use the title bar icon to display a pop-up menu by placing the mouse pointer over the icon and clicking mouse buttons 1 or 2 once. You can also use the title bar icon to close an open window by double-clicking on it using mouse button 1.

Close the window on the right by double-clicking on the title bar icon.

Clicking anywhere in a window makes it active (accepting input). An active window has a highlighted title bar and border.

Click in one of the windows on the right and notice that it appears to move on top of the other windows. To display a hidden window, try sizing, moving, or minimizing the window on top.

You have completed the “Using Window Parts” topic. In this topic, you have seen how to:
Scroll information within a window
Size and move a window
Minimize and maximize windows
Closing windows
Make a window active.

To return to the Topics menu, select the Topics push button. To continue with the GETTING HELP topic, select the Next push button or press Enter.



GETTING HELP shows you how to get help by:
Using the Master Help Index
Opening the Information folder
Pressing the F1 key
Selecting the Help push button
Using the Search function
Selecting highlighted words.

It takes about 5 minutes to complete this topic.

The OS/2 operating system provides you with online help that decreases the need to refer to printed documentation.

Much of this online help can be accessed through the Information Folder and the Master Help Index.

The Master Help Index contains help for most of the procedures you can do in the operating system. In some cases, the help points you to further information.

Open the Master Help Index object on the right for an example. You can leave the Master Help Index open as you learn the operating system.

To search the Master Help Index for a specific word or phrase, open a pop-up menu by clicking mouse button 1 while the pointer is over the object, and then select Search. Type the word directory in the Search window, and then select the Search push button.

A list of all the Master Help Index entries containing the word directory appears in a new window.

The Information folder contains online operating system information, such as the Glossary, the OS/2 Command Reference, the REXX information, and this Tutorial.

Other online information objects can be added to or deleted from the folder as required.

The Glossary contains terms used throughout the online information. The terms are listed in alphabetic order. Open the Glossary object on the right for an example.

Links are provided in the online information to definitions in the Glossary by selecting highlighted words or phrases (green on most displays).

The OS/2 Command Reference contains a list of all the OS/2 commands that can be used at a command prompt. A syntax diagram and examples are provided for each command.

The commands are grouped both in alphabetic order and by related task categories.

The Tutorial (this information) contains an overview of the operating system. Each topic in the Tutorial provides some animation and user interaction.

The Tutorial is automatically started the first time you install the OS/2 operating system. To start it after the initial installation, double-click on the Tutorial object in the Information folder.

Use the REXX information to understand REXX (REstructured eXtended eXecutor), a programming language that uses common English words that both beginning and Experienced programmers can understand.

You can use REXX to write simple batch programs, or for more advanced applications for use in OS/2 or other system Environments.

You can get help on a selected object, an entry field in a secondary window, or a highlighted choice in a pop-up menu by pressing the F1 key.

In the animation on the right, the open menu choice is highlighted and the F1 key is pressed to display the help window.

The Help push button appears in secondary windows. It is used to get overall help on an entire window, even if that window contains several tasks you can perform.

See the graphic on the right for an example.

Some help windows contain words or phrases that are highlighted in a different color or shade (green on most displags). Select these words or phrases to get related information on a topic.

For example, select the highlighted words “Using Objects” in the text on the right by double-clicking on it with your mouse, or tab to it and press Enter.

You can get help for system messages at a command prompt by typing the word help and the error message number.

See the picture on the right for an example.

Online and hardcopy operating system information often reference one another. Highlighted words or phrases in the online information indicate possible links to other online units; for example, the Master Index to the Glossary.

See the animation on the following panel for an example of where you could find information on copying an object.

You have completed the “Getting Help” topic. In this topic you have seen how to get help by:
Using the Master Help Index
Opening the Information folder
Pressing the F1 key or a Help push button
Using the Search function to find words or phrases
Selecting highlighted words.

To return to the Topics menu, select the Topics push button. To continue with the OS/2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW topic, select the Next push button or press Enter.



OS/2 SYSTEM OVERVIEW describes how to:
Use the OS/2 System folder
Use the Templates folder
Use the Window List
Migrate from Previous operating systems.

It takes about 10 minutes to complete this topic.

The OS/2 System folder contains most operating system folders, as well as program folders such as the Productivity and Game folders.

Open the OS/2 System folder on the right to see examples of the objects it might contain.

The Drives folder contains currently configured drive device objects such as floppy drives, hard disks, CD drives, tape drives, and network drives. You can access the directory trees for each drive by double-clicking on the drive object.

Open the Drives folder on the right to see examples of objects it might contain.

The System Setup folder contains objects you can use to change the settinys of your screen colors, keyboard, mouse, country, communications, and sound.

Open the System Setup folder on the right to see examples of objects it might contain.

The Startup folder contains all of the programs that will start the next time the operating system is started.

If you perform a shutdown of the operating system (by using the Shut down choice from the Desktop folder pop-up menu), all programs that were active at the time of the shutdown are automatically restarted, and will disappear from the Startup folder shortly after the restart.

The Productivity folder contains programs to assist you in your daily activities, such as a spreadsheet, a database, a daily planner, a calculator, and a notepad.

The Games folder contains Entertainment programs you can use to practice basic operating system skills (for example, how to use a mouse).

The Command Prompts folder contains the OS/2 and DOS full screen and window command prompt objects, and the WIN-OS/2 full screen object.

Open the Command Prompts folder on the right to see examples of the objects it might contain.

You can create objects on the desktop by using the Templates folder (as pictured on the right).

You can create a new folder, program, data-file, install, or print destination object by dragging a copy of that template object to the desktop using mouse button 2.

Use the Window List to switch to or close a running program, or to arrange the windows on the desktop.

The Window List is displayed by moving your mouse pointer over a blank area on the desktop, and clicking mouse buttons 1 and 2 at the same time (as in the animation on the right).

You can display a pop-up window on the Window List by clicking mouse button 1 anywhere in the open window (as pictured on the right).

Once you select (highlight) items in the Window List you can use the pop-up menu to show, hide, tile, cascade, or close open windows.

The Minimized Window Viewer is a folder object on the desktop, and contains icons of minimized windows.

You can double-click on any minimized window icon in the Minimized Window Viewer to restore the icon to a window.

If you have used a previous OS/2 or Microsoft Windows version, you may want to examine the differences between it and OS/2 Version 2.1. See the OS/2 Using the Operating System manual for more information.

The picture on the right is of OS/2 Version 1.3.

If you had a previous version of OS/2, DOS Version 4.0 or greater, or Microsoft Windows installed on your system before you had installed OS/2 Version 2.1, the appropriate folders appear on the desktop (such as the objects pictured on the right).

The folders contain a listing of your old programs.

You have completed the “OS/2 System Overview” topic. In this topic you have seen how to:
Use the OS/2 System folder
Use the Templates folder
Use the Window List
Migrate from previous operating systems.

To return to the Topics menu, select the Topics push button. To continue with the Tutorial, select the Next push button or press Enter.

Practice some of the lessons you’ve learned in this Tutorial by doing the following:

  1. Create a new folder by dragging the folder template from the Templates folder to the desktop.
  2. Rename the folder using Alt and mouse button 1.
  3. Add objects to your new folder using other templates objects located in the Templates folder.

Migrate your old DOS and Microsoft Windows programs to the desktop by using the Migrate Applications object, which is located in the System Setup folder. See the Master Help Index for further details.

You have completed the OS/2 Tutorial. For information regarding changes new to this release of OS/2, refer to the IBM OS/2 2.1 Getting Started manual.

The Start Here object on the desktop gives you information about how to do basic tasks in the OS/2 Workplace Shell. If you want to view it now, double-click on the Start Here picture on the right, or select the Exit push button to exit the Tutorial at this time.

Page added on 6th October 2005.

Copyright © 2002-2006 Marcin Wichary, unless stated otherwise.