Getting Down to Work If you haven’t been through this tour before, do the topics in order. Select a topic by clicking it. Opening an application Inserting and deleting text Selecting Cutting and pasting within a document Saving your work Cutting and pasting between documents Closing and opening documents Using MultiFinder
	1. Opening an application An application is a program you use to do a particular kind of work. In this window you see four application icons. To use an application, you have to open its icon.
	You open an application the same way you open a disk or a folder. First you select the icon.
	Then choose Open from the File menu.
	This takes you to the application’s starting point – in this case, a blank piece of “typing paper.” You can get to work on whatever you’re planning to write.
	You can also open an application by double-clicking its icon. This has the same effect as choosing Open from the File menu.
	Once again, here you are at the starting point of the word processing application.
	Let me try.
	Open the graphics application by selecting its icon and choosing Open from the File menu.
	Now choose Open from the File menu.
	Very good. Now click the forward arrow and we’ll go back to the desktop and try it another way.
	Open the word processing application by double-clicking its icon.
	In this section, you’ve learned the first step in getting to work: Open the application that fits the kind of work you want to do. In section 2, you’ll learn about working with text.
	2. Inserting and deleting text A document is a piece of work you’ve created with an application program: a letter, a budget, a list of records, a drawing.
	To start a document from scratch, you open the application that you’ll use to create it.
	Then you get to work.
	There’s your first draft, ready for revisions.
	How you revise a document depends on what kind of application you’re using. But there are some text editing fuctions that apply to almost all applications.
	When you’re working with text, your pointer is shaped like an I-beam. When you want to type, you place the I-beam where you want the text to being and click the mouse button. This is called placing the insertion point.
	A blinking vertical line appears. This is the insertion point. Whatever you type will begin at the insertion point.
	You can insert text anywhere you want just by placing the insertion point and typing.
	You can also delete text anywhere you want by placing the insertion point to the right of what you want to take out. Pressing the Backspace key will erase the character to the left of the insertion point.
	Let me try.
	Practice inserting and deleting text in the last paragraph of this memo. Click where you want the insertion point. Type to insert text. Press the Backspace key to delete text. Click the forward arrow when you’re ready to go on.
	In this section, you’ve learned how to insert and delete text. This works the same way in nearly every Macintosh application. In section 3, you’ll learn another way to make changes to text.
	3. Selecting When you want to change text you’ve already written, you select the part you want to work with by dragging across it.
	The text you select is highlighted. Whatever command you give next will affect the selected text.
	You can change its size.
	You can change its style.
	You can change it by typing something else. Whatever you type will replace what’s selected.
	Or you might want to get rid of it altogether. You can erase any selected text by pressing the Backspace key.
	Two shortcuts: 1) You can select a whole word by double-clicking it.
	2) You can select text by placing the insertion point at the beginning of it, then holding down the Shift key and clicking at the end.
	Let me try.
	Improve the appearance of this memo by making some changes to it. First select the word “Memo” by double-clicking on it.
	Good. Now choose 24 Point from the Style menu.
	That’s right. Now deselect “Memo” by clicking somewhere else on the page.
	Suppose you want to make the “Subject” line stand out. Select that line by dragging across it.
	Now change this line to bold type. Choose Bold from the Style menu.
	In this section, you’ve learned how to make changes to your text. In section 4, you’ll learn another technique for easy revising.
	4. Cutting and pasting within a document When you want to move a section of text, you can do it by “cutting” it out of your document and “pasting” it in somewhere else.
	Suppose you want to move the last sentence of the memo to the end of the first paragraph. First you select it.
	Then you choose Cut from the Edit menu. This deletes the sentence and puts it in a special storage area called the Clipboard.
	Place the insertion point where you want the sentence to go.
	And choose Paste from the Edit menu. The sentence reappears.
	Let me try.
	Suppose you want to move the last sentence of this letter to the beginning of the letter. First select the sentence.
	Now choose Cut from the Edit menu.
	Place the insertion point right before the first sentence.
	Choose Paste from the Edit menu.
	In this section, you’ve used cut-and-paste commands to move a sentence. You can use the same method to move as many words or paragraphs as you want. In section 5, you’ll learn how to save your documents.
	5. Savinng your work As you write your memo (or figure your budget, or draw your graph), the information you enter goes into the computer’s memory.
	This memory is temporary. As soon as you turn the power off, the information is lost. You must save your information on a disk to make a permanent copy of it.
	You do that by choosing the Save command from the File menu.
	Before you can save what you’ve written, you have to give it a name so that the computer can find it again.
	When you’ve named your document, you click Save. A copy of your document is saved with that name on the disk.
	Notice that the name of your document now appears in the title bar.
	Now suppose you want to change your memo.
	You now have two versions of your memo: the new one (which is in the computer’s temporary memory) and the old one (which is saved on the disk).
	If you choose the Save command you’ll save what’s in memory right now (the new version of the letter) with the name “Memo.” The new version of the memo will replace the old version.
	The Save As command will let you give your document a new name. If you do this, your original memo will stay on the disk, unchanged, and the new version will be saved as a separate document. You’ll end up with two documents on your disk – the old version of the memo and the new version.
	You’ve saved the new version of your memo as “New memo.” its title appears in the title bar.
	Let me try.
	Let’s say you’re finished with this drawing. You want to save it on your disk. Choose Save from the File menu.
	Type Design for the name of the drawing. Click Save.
	Now suppose you make some changes to the drawing. (Click the arrow and we’ll make them for you.)
	You want this new drawing to replace the old one on the disk. Choose Save from the File menu.
	That’s right. The Save command saves the new version of your document under the same name it had before. The new version replaces the old version because you’ve saved it with the same name.
	In this section, you’ve learned about saving your work. In section 6, you’ll see how you can paste graphics into text.
	6. Cutting and pasting between documents You’ve learned how to move something from once place to another within a document. You can also cut something out of one document and paste it into another.
	Suppose you’ve drawn this design with a graphics program and you want to include it in the memo you wrote with your word processing program.
	First you select the drawing by clicking it.
	Then you choose either Cut or Copy from the Edit menu. The Cut command erases what’s selected from the screen. The Copy command doesn’t. But both commands place a copy of the selected item on the Clipboard, a special area of the Macintosh’s memory.
	A copy of your drawing is now on the Clipboard.
	The next thing to do is open the memo into which you want to paste the drawing. But you wrote the memo with the word processing application. Right now, you’re in the graphics application.
	When you’re using the Finder without MultiFinder (you’ll learn about MultiFinder later), you can have only one application open at a time. To open a different application, you must go back to the desktop and click the new application’s icon. Choosing Quit from the File menu takes you back to the desktop.
	Quitting an application brings you back to the desktop, where you see the icon for the document you’ve been working on.
	And from here, you open your memo so you can put in the design (which is waiting for you on the Clipboard).
	You place the insertion point where you want the design to appear.
	And choose Paste from the Edit menu.
	In this way, you can cut and paste between most Macintosh applications.
	Let me try.
	Suppose you want to put this business logo at the head of the memo you’ve written. You need to cut it out of the graphics program and paste it into the word processing program. Do it by following these steps. 1) Select the drawing by clicking it.
	2) Choose Copy from the Edit menu.
	3) To leave the graphics application, choose Quit from the File menu.
	4) Open the word processing documents called Memo by double-clicking its icon.
	5) Click to place the insertion point at the very beginning of the memo – just to the left of the M.
	6) And to insert the drawing, choose Paste from the Edit menu.
	In this section, you’ve seen how you can use cut and paste commands to move information among most kinds of applications. In section 7, you’ll find out about closing a document you’re finished with and opening a new one.
	7. Closing and opening documents You’re finished with this memo. You’ve saved it onto your disk, and you’re ready to stop working with it. But you want to stay with your word processing application and work on a letter you started yesterday.
	To put away the memo, you choose Close from the File menu.
	The memo goes away. You see a screen that looks a little like the desktop, but don’t be confused. You’re still within the word processing application. You can tell by the menu titles, and by the absence of the desktop icons.
	To open your letter, you choose Open from the File menu.
	What you see is a list of the word processing documents on your disk. (Because you’re still in the word processing application, documents made with other applications won’t show up.) You select Letter and click Open.
	And you’re ready to work on your letter.
	Let me try.
	Here’s the letter you’ve just completed. You want to put it away and work on another word processing document, a new product flier. Choose Close from the File menu.
	That’s right. Now choose Open from the File menu to get the next document you want to work on.
	You see the list of word processing documents on your disk. Flier is highlighted. (The first name in the list is always selected automatically.) Since Flier is the document you want, just click Open.
	In this section, you’ve learned how to close and open documents from within an application. In section 8, you’ll find out about MultiFinder, which allows you to work with more than one application at a time.
	8. Using MultiFinder There are two ways of working with your Macintosh: with and without MultiFinder. The two ways are very much the same, except when you work with MultiFinder you can open more than one application at once.
	Your Macintosh comes with MultiFinder turned off. To find out how to turn it on, read the chapter about MultiFinder in your “Macintosh System Software User’s Guide.” This chapter contains information you need to read before using MultiFinder.
	When you work with MultiFinder turned off (as you have been so far in this training program), you must quit the application you’re working in before you can open another one. You can work in only one application at a time.
	When you work with MultiFinder turned on, you can have several applications open at once. This can help you work much more quickly and easily.
	Let’s say you’ve turned MultiFinder on. The desktop looks just the same, except that you see an icon at the right end of the menu bar. It’s the icon of the application you’re currently working with. Right now, it’s the Finder icon.
	Suppose you’re going to work on a report. You open your word processing application by double-clicking its icon.
	The application window opens, just as it always does when you double-click an application icon. But if you shrink the window a little, you can see that the desktop is still there behind it.
	In the corner of the menu bar, you now see the word processing icon. This tells you that word processing is the foreground application.
	You can also see that the menu titles have changed. These are the menus that belong to the word processing application.
	You can switch back and forth between the word processing application and the Finder just by clicking their windows. The small icon in the corner changes, and so do the menu titles.
	Notice that the icon of the application is now dimmed. A dimmed icon means the application is currently open.
	If you open another application, its window will appear, but both the Finder and the word processing application will still be available.
	The document window appears. But both the desktop and word processing application are still available. You can move among all three just by clicking.
	Sometimes the window that’s on top will completely cover any windows beneath it. Even when you can’t see an application’s window, you can still get to it. You choose it from the Apple menu.
	The names of all open applications are listed on this menu. The one that’s in the foreground has a check mark beside it. You can shoose the one you want to bring ot the front.
	This can be very handy. Suppose you’re writing a report and planning to include graphics in it.
	You can look at the report and the graphics at the same time.
	To put a diagram into your report, you just copy it...
	Change windows...
	And paste it in.
	If you weren’t using MultiFinder, you couldn’t have both these applications open on the screen at once. You’d have to quit one before you could work in the other.
	Let me try.
	Suppose you want to put this business logo at the head of your report. You need to copy it from the graphics document and paste it into the word processing document. Do it by following these steps. 1) Select the drawing by clicking it.
	2) Choose Copy from the Edit menu.
	3) To go back to the report, click in the window of the word processing application.
	4) Click to place the insertion point at the very beginning of the report – just above the “R” in “Report.”
	5) And to insert the drawing, choose Paste from the Edit menu.
	Good. With MultiFinder, moving information between applications is fast and easy. Your manual explains more of MultiFinder’s features, including background printing, which lets you print a document while you continue to work with your Macintosh.
	In “Getting Down to Work,” you’ve learned about using applications to create and modify documents. In the next section, you’ll learn about organizing and keeping track of the documents you create. Go back to the Main Menu and choose “Managing Your Work.”